Nyeri Dada pada Pasien Sindrom Koroner Akut (SKA) dengan Terapi Hangat (Thermotherapy): A Literature Review

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is a chronic and infectious disease that can cause damage or fibrosis of the airway and lung tissue. The typical signs and symptoms of this disease are shortness of breath and cough. Ineffective breathing pattern is the process of exiting and or entering air that does not provide adequate ventilation characterized by the main problem of shortness of breath which is the main complaint in Tuberculosis. Objective: This case study aims to perform orthopneu position management on clients with Tuberculosis with the nursing problem of ineffective breathing patterns. Methods: This case study researchers used a descriptive observational method with a nursing care process approach starting from the assessment process, diagnosis, intervention and implementation and evaluation for 3 days, Patients totaled 2 people with inclusion criteria: 1. Tuberculosis patients, 2. There are major signs of 80-100% ineffective breathing patterns. Results: After applying the orthopnes position to 2 patients, the evaluation results on day 3 on Mrs. “H” showed that the problem was resolved with supporting data: Dyspnea / tightness (Decreased), Use of respiratory muscles (Decreased), elongated expiratory phase (Decreased), Nasal lobe breathing (Decreased), Breathing frequency (24x / m). While Mrs. “S” day 3 evaluation shows the problem is resolved with supporting data: Dyspnea (Decreased), Use of breathing muscles (Decreased), Expiratory phase lengthening (Decreased), Breathing frequency (22x/m). Conclusion: Nursing care with the Implementation of Orthopnea Positioning in 2 patients can be concluded to be effective in Overcoming Ineffective Breathing Patterns.