Comparison of Urinary Tract Infection and Postoperative Urinary Retention Between Preoperative and Intraoperative Indwelling Urinary Catheterization in Hip Fracture Patients Undergoing Early Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the incidence rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) and postoperative urinary retention (POUR) in the initial indwelling urinary catheter (IIC) and intraoperative indwelling urinary catheter (IOC) groups of hip fracture patients who had undergone either fracture fixation or hemiarthroplasty operation within 48 hours. Methods: Between June 2023 and October 2024, 110 patients who met the eligible criteria were enrolled in this study. We prospectively randomized all patients into the IOC (n = 55) and IIC (n = 55) groups. The postoperative incidence of UTI and POUR was compared between the two groups and evaluated 24 h postoperatively. Results: The incidence of UTI was significantly higher in the IIC group (23.6%) than in the IOC group (9.1%) (P = .039). However, the incidence of POUR was not significantly different between the groups (16.4% vs 9.1%; P = .252). Conclusion: For hip fracture patients undergoing early surgery within 48 h, intraoperative urinary catheterization significantly reduced the incidence of POUR, while the incidence of UTI did not differ significantly between the groups.