Strategies for Neuroprotection in Glaucoma

Abstract

Glaucoma has long been considered an irreversible progressive optic neuropathy with associated visual loss. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) was once considered the main modifiable risk for progression of glaucoma and has been the target for treatment. The pathogenesis of glaucoma was originally based on the mechanical and vascular dysregulation theory, however, this has evolved over the past decade. With the classification of low tension glaucoma, it is now recognized that the damage that occurs in the optic disc is not directly due to the elevated IOP and may be independent of this risk factor. Even though clinicians may aim for a target pressure, progression of optic disc cupping and visual field loss can still continue despite normal IOPs.