Occupational Pregnancy Discrimination Is Associated With Negative Health Impacts for Pregnant Persons and Their Children

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study is to examine associations between occupational pregnancy discrimination, maternal, and child health. Methods: A nationwide sample of individuals currently in their third trimester of pregnancy who worked full-time (>35 hr/wk) were recruited. Surveys were completed during the third trimester and 6 weeks postpartum. Results: Respondents (N = 183) were mostly White (57.9%), had at least a bachelor’s degree (60.8%), and worked 40.3 hr/wk. Occupational pregnancy discrimination increased the odds of clinically significant depressive/anxiety symptoms by 8% and 17%, respectively (odds ratio = 1.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.1; odds ratio = 1.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.1–1.2). Discrimination was also associated with postpartum depression occurrence (P = 0.02). Social support level mitigated the association between pregnancy discrimination, depressive symptoms (β = 2.1, P < 0.01), and anxiety symptoms (β = 7.25, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Poorer mental health during and after pregnancy was associated with occupational pregnancy discrimination but effects were mitigated by social support.