In vitro assessments of white-spot lesions treated with NaF plus tricalcium phosphate (TCP) toothpastes using synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SR micro-CT)

Abstract

Synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR micro-CT), considered superior to standard polychromatic micro-CT techniques, was used to assess the densities of bovine enamel white-spot lesions (WSL) treated in a 10-day pH cycling model with either: (A) Clinpro Tooth Crème (0.21% NaF plus TCP), (B) Clinpro 5000 (1.1% NaF plus TCP) or (C) Tom's of Maine (0% NaF) dentifrice. Each day consisted of four 2 min treatments, one 4 h acid challenge (pH=5.0), and immersion in artificial saliva (pH=7.0) between these events. After 10 days, WSL specimens were evaluated for lesion depth using confocal microscopy and lesion density using SR micro-CT with depths ranging from 2.76 to 113.16 μm, in 2.76 μm slice increments. Statistical analyses (Student's t-test) were performed at the 95% confidence level. SR micro-CT analyses revealed the NaF plus TCP dentifrices improved WSL densities relative to the fluoride-free toothpaste, and is consistent with an earlier study utilizing polychromatic micro-CT. In contrast to previous findings, SR micro-CT analyses also revealed significant differences in WSL densities treated with the two NaF dentifrices at enamel depths of 13.80, 16.56, and 19.32 μm. These findings suggest SR micro-CT may be especially suited for detecting density differences in lesions sensitive to fluoride-driven remineralization processes.