The effects of additional Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation over conventional therapy in patients with adhesive capsulitis

Abstract

Purpose: This study is performed to investigate the effectiveness of upper extremity and scapula Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) techniques in adhesive capsulitis (AC). Methods: Thirty-six subjects were randomized into two groups. Control group (n=l 8) was treated with conventional physiotherapy applications consisting of hot-pack and ultrasound, and wall and wand exercises instructed as a home program; study group (n=l 8) was treated with upper extremity and scapula PNF patterns besides conventional physiotherapy. Patients were treated five times a week, for a total of 15 sessions. Pain intensity was assessed on a visual analogue scale; postural deformities were evaluated by inspection. Range of shoulder movements (ROM) were measured by a universal goniometer. "Lateral Scapular Slide Test" and assessment of scapular position were used for evaluation of the scapula. Functional performance was assessed by Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). Results: Intensity of pain during activity significantly decreased and ROM increased in both groups (p<0.05). While increase amounts of shoulder flexion and abduction ROMs were higher in the PNF group (p<0.05), there was no difference between groups in internal and external rotation movements. Although, night pain significantly decreased in the study group (p<0.05), it remained unchanged in the control group (p>0.05). Scapula position didn't change after therapy in both groups (p>0.05). SPADI scores decreased in both groups (p<0.05). Discussion: This study showed that PNF patterns provide significant contribution to night pain and range of flexion and abduction movements in patients with AC. Including PNF applications in AC treatment program may provide better outcomes.