Polymer Blends: Principles and Applications: Part 1. Polymer-Polymer Miscibility and Applications of Miscible Blends

Abstract

Thermodynamic discussion on the miscibility between dissimilar polymers leads to: (i) the contribution of combi-natorial entropy of mixing to the miscibility is negligibly small and (ii) the miscibility is mostly caused by the hydrogen bonding-type intermolecular specific interactions and the repulsive intramolecular interactions in random copolymers. By analyzing the fee energy curve, the free energy of mixing as a function of composition, phase diagrams are described in terms of the binodal curve and the spinodal curve. Criterions of polymer-polymer miscibility are deduced in the framework of such thermodynamic discussion. The polymer-polymer miscibility is applied: (i) to improve melt-processability (PPE/PS), (ii) to improve ozone resistance (NBR/PVC), (iii) to reduce optical anisotropy (to provide zero-birefringence plastics), (iv) to improve heat resistance (PEEK/PET), and (v) to make materials flexible (PVC/EVA). 1.‚Í ‚ ¶ ‚ß ‚É 1.1-p OEê‚Ì-â 'è Ží-Þ ‚̈ق̈٠‚È ‚é •‚ •ª Žq "¯ Žm‚Ì •¬ • ‡ ‚É ‚³ ‚¢ ‚µ,'Š-n •« ‚AE‚¢ ‚¤-pOEê‚Í ‚© ‚È ‚è •L ‚¢ˆÓ‚¢ˆÓ-¡ ‚ ‚¢ ‚ÅŽg ‚í ‚ê ‚Ä ‚¢ ‚é ‚Ì ‚ª OE»•ó ‚Å‚ ‚é.ˆÙ Ží •‚ •ª Žq ‚ª •ª Žq ‚È ‚¢ ‚µ ‚Í ƒ‚ ƒmƒ} •[ ‚Ì ŽŸOE³‚Å'Š OEÝ ‚É-n ‰ð ‚· ‚é ‚©"Û‚©‚É ‚‚¢ ‚Ä‚Í "M-ÍŠw"I ‚É‹c˜_‚É‹c˜_ ‚Å ‚«,ŽÀ OE±"I ‚É ‚» ‚ê ‚ð Šm"F ‚· ‚é ‚± ‚AE‚ª ‰Â "\ ‚Å ‚ ‚é.-{-ˆ,'Š-n •« ‚AE‚¢ ‚¤-p OEê ‚Í,‚± ‚Ì ‚ae ‚¤ ‚È 'Š OEÝ-n ‰ð•« ‚Ì-ªOEê‚AE‚µ ‚Ä ‚Ì 'Š-n•«(misci-bility,mutualsolubility),‚ ‚Ü ‚è,"M-ÍŠw"I 'è ‹` ‚É •] ‚Á ‚Ä OEÀ 'è ‚³ ‚ê ‚ÄŽg ‚í ‚ê ‚é ‚× ‚« ‚Å‚ ‚é. ‚µ ‚© ‚µ,ŽÀ •Û•ã ‚Í ‚à ‚¤ •-‚µ•L ‹` ‚ÉŠµ-p‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é.-á ‚¦ ‚Î,•ª Žq•ó ‚Ì 'Š OEÝ-n ‰ð‚ª ŽÀOE»‚³ ‚ê ‚¸'‚¸'Š •ª-£‚µ ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é ‚± ‚AE‚ª-¾"' ‚È•¬ • ‡ OEn‚É'Î ‚µ ‚Ä ‚à(‚± ‚ê ‚Í,•ã ‹L ‚Ì ‹· ‹` ‚Ì 'Š-n •« ‚Ì ŠÏ "_ ‚Å ‚Í,"ñ 'Š-n‚AE‚¢ ‚¤ ‚± ‚AE‚É ‚È ‚é ‚ª),‚± ‚Ì 'Š-n •« ‚AE‚¢ ‚¤-p OEꂪ-p‚¢ ‚ç ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é.‚ ‚Ü ‚è,ˆÙ Ží •‚ •ª Žq ‚Ì 'g ‚Ý• ‡ ‚í ‚¹ ‚É ‚ae ‚Á‚Ä‚¢ ‚© ‚É-e ˆÕ ‚É •Š Šú ‚Ì •Þ-¿ •¨ •«,-á ‚¦ ‚Î 'Ï "M•« •E ‹-"x •E'Ï •ÕOE‚•« •E" §-¾•« ‚È ‚Ç‚ª "¾ ‚ç ‚ê ‚é ‚© ‚AE‚¢ ‚¤ ŽÚ"x ‚Å ‚à ‚Á‚Ä'Š-n •« ‚Ì-Ç "Û‚ª ‹c˜_‹c˜_ ‚³ ‚ê ‚é."ñ 'Š-n ‚È 'g • ‡ ‚¹ ‚Ì ƒu ƒOEƒ" ƒh•¨ ‚ª,-¼ •¬ •ª ‚Ì •¨ •« 'l ‚Ì ‰Á •¬ •« ‚ð •ã ‰ñ‚é •« "\ ‚𠎦 ‚· •ê • ‡ ‚Ì ‹ï 'Ì-á‚ð •}1‚É Ž¦ ‚·.'Š-n •« ‚Ì ‹c˜_‹c˜_ ‚Í,‚± ‚Ì ‚ae ‚¤ ‚É•L ‹` A•v5•t OEû •v •¡L•Auu‚µ'‚è' •}1ƒ| ƒŠƒJ•[ ƒ{ƒl •[ ƒg/ABSŽ÷Ž‰ ƒu ƒOE ƒ" ƒh‚Ì 'Ï •ÕOE‚ •«