Influence of crystal fragmentation on the formation of microstructure and macrosegregation during directional solidification under forced convection condition

Abstract

Directional solidification experiment under forced convection condition was conducted. The AlSi7 alloy was solidified in an alumina cylindrical crucible (8 mm) in a Bridgeman furnace; and forced convection was induced by applying rotating magnetic field (RMF). The RMF induced flow in the sample during solidification leads to the formation of equiaxed crystals by the mechanism of crystal fragmentation (assumption). The current study is to use a mixed columnar-equiaxed solidification model to simulate this experiment by considering the crystal fragmentation as sole origin of equiaxed crystals. An inward flow (Ekman effect) forms in the front of the (columnar) mushy zone under the RMF. Solute-driven remelting, as enhanced by the interdendritic flow, leads to fragmentation near the columnar tip front. Some fragments are transported by the forced convection to the sample centre and remelted there, while many of them are captured by the columnar structure near the sample centre. The modelling result on the mixed columnar-equiaxed structure agrees with the post-mortem analysis of as-solidified sample. As conclusion following impacts of the crystal fragmentation on solidification are suggested: (1) it widens the central segregation channel and promotes the formation of side-arms; (2) it leads to the formation of relatively high volume fraction of equiaxed crystals near the sample centre.