Energetic and Economic Viability of off-grid PV-BESS for Charging Electric Vehicles: Case Study of Yogyakarta

Abstract

Photovoltaic and Battery Energy Storage System (PV-BESS) is a system for utilizing solar energy. The off-grid PV-BEES design is used for vehicle electric charging stations to ensure the security of the electricity supply and is economically feasible. The HOMER application is used in this study to simulate energetic and economic feasibility. As a result, the offgrid system produces energy of 474,027 kWh/year, consumes energy of 1,957 kWh/year, the excess energy of 471,968 kWh/year, and the value of NPC, COE, ROI is Rp.733,403,300.00, Rp.17,783.04 and -7% respectively. At the same time, the improvised system, by turning it into an on-grid, produces energy, consumed energy, and excess energy of 553,985 kWh/year, 517,790 kWh/year, and 14,410 kWh/year, respectively. For the value of NPC, COE, and ROI, respectively, Rp.934,259,900, Rp.85.63, 46.6%. Finally, it can be said that offgrid PV-BESS is a practical choice for doing more than only lowering emissions by utilizing solar energy. Off-grid PV-BEES has a tremendous excess energy of 471,968 kWh annually. According to energy analysis, it has a high COE value. Propose to Improve an on-grid system. Improvements were made that allow excess energy to be shared with other customers. According to economic analysis, this makes the system more cost-effective, with a potential payback in the second year.