Incidence and risk factors of recipient surgical site infection in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with vascularized fibular bone grafts

Abstract

Objective: To determine the incidence and risk factors of recipient surgical site infection (RSSI) after oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with vascularized fibular bone grafts (VFBG). Material and Methods: This retrospective study was performed in patients who underwent oral and maxillofacial reconstructive surgery, with VFBG, at the Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince of Songkla University. Demographic, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative data were recorded. Any infection at the recipient site occurring within 30 days post-operatively, by criteria from the Center of Disease Control, was defined as RSSI. Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test, Student's t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient with statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: There were twenty-one patients who met the eligibility criteria. The incidence of RSSI after oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with VFBG was 47.6% (10/21 patients), and the success rate of VFBG was 95.2%. American Society of Anesthetics (ASA) physical status class II and oral contamination were significant risk factors for RSSI (p-value=0.004 and p-value=0.031, respectively). Length of hospital stay was significantly higher in the RSSI group (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: The incidence of RSSI after oral and maxillofacial reconstruction with VFBG was high, and ASA physical status class II and oral contamination were significant risk factors for RSSI.