Efficacy of Mandibular Advancement Device in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea by Evaluating Upper Airway Space Volume Using CBCT

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of mandibular advancement device as a treatment of mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea and to evaluate the change in upper airway space volume by using cone beam CT (CBCT). Study Design: In vivo observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge, Sri Aurobindo College of Dentistry, Indore (M.P), India, from March 2017 to January 2021. Methodology: Patients with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea patients using Berlin questionnaire were selected. Pre- and posttreatment-CBCT analysis was done to compare the changes in superior and inferior upper airway space before and after using mandibular advancement device. The pre and postoperative CBCT were also compared using a paired t-test for the quantitative variables. After two months, the patients were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire to assess their sleep improvement, initial symptoms regression, and effectiveness of the mandibular advancement device. Results: On comparative evaluation of the pre- and post-CBCT, the mean score before the mandibular advancement device placement was found to be 7.77+2.79 cc, whereas the mean score after the mandibular advancement device placement was found to be 9.75+3.34 cc (p<0.001). Significant volumetric change was seen in upper airway space after receiving treatment for the two months. The patient noticed a substantial improvement in their sleep as well as a reduction in the original symptoms. Conclusion: This study showed statistically significant volumetric change in the upper airway space and reduction in their symptoms after treatment with the mandibular advancement device (MAD).