Technology and innovation in the development of cognitive activity

Abstract

Modern education is intensively developing, manifesting new approaches to learning, and progressive concepts in the system of knowledge acquisition. In recent years, global changes have undergone in the Russian education system from pre-school education through higher education. First of all, they affected the higher education system. On the one hand, there was a significant reform of external features: the merger of several universities into one, and the adjustment of the names of universities and institutions. On the other hand, the changes affected the structure of higher education, the levels of education were defined from bachelor’s to master’s course. Competence and practice-oriented approaches began to occupy a dominant position in the learning process, as well as independent work of students was given special attention. On the basis of the Federal State Standards of Higher Education adopted in 2016 in the Law Enforcement major and Jurisprudence training area, for high-quality and effective implementation of their professional activities, graduates of the universities and colleges sponsored by agencies of the Russian Federal Penitentiary Service must acquire a set of cultural, general vocational and specific professional competencies. To achieve the necessary competence (educational) level in the course of learning, the cadets are faced with the task of solving ideological, political, moral, and cognitive problems. Cognitive activity is key and conscious in the learning process, because it permeates the entire educational path of a person, starting with the initial cognitive efforts and ending with the satisfaction of the cognitive needs of trainees. Effective cognitive activity is impossible without positive motivation, sustainable cognitive interest, self-development and self-determination of the individual.