Antioxidant activity of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of Curcuma longa in polycystic ovary syndrome rat model

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the effect of SNEDDS containing Curcuma longa extract on hormonal and histological improvement of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model. Method: A total of 36 female Wistar rats, aged between 8 and 10 weeks, were randomly divided into 6 groups, including control (normal rats), PCOS (untreated PCOS rats), PCOS + M (treated with 20 mg/kg bw/day metformin), PCOS + SC25, PCOS + SC50, and PCOS + SC100 (treated with Curcuma longa extract at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day with SNEDDS, respectively). This study used a posttest-only control group design. The rats were euthanized on day 15, and blood samples were taken to examine malondialdehyde (MDA) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels. Ovarian tissue was prepared on a histological slide, and various follicles were observed. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: Curcuma longa extract, at 50 and 100 mg/kg, incorporated in SNEDDS resulted in a significant reduction in the corpus luteum number and width of the granulosa layer (p < 0.05). Also, Curcuma longa significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), preantral follicles, and follicular cysts (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Curcuma longa extract in SNEDDS reduces MDA and AMH levels and improves the histology of the ovaries in PCOS model rats. There is a need to conduct further studies of C. longa extract or isolates in SNEDDS using human cell lines of PCOS model.