The influence of PO4 to bio-silica catalyst on synthesis benign additive fuel

Abstract

FUEL product additive (glycerol) solketal and acetone. can be produced This reaction through was acetalization conducted over reaction acidified of silica biodiesel derived by-from sustainable bioresource rice husk in a batch reactor under the solvent-free condition. The chemical and structural properties of the prepared catalyst were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on this paper, the optimized conditions using 15% phosphoric acid acid ifiedsilica extracted from rice huskash (10 wt.% PO4 loaded SiO2) are 50°C (lower temperature) with the molar ratio of acetone: glycerol = 2. Reusability test used to examine the stability of the catalytic activity was investigated. This effort is a serious step for development and taking apart of solketal as the main product from glycerol and acetone by using waste resources.