Evaluation of the Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Dehydrated Medicinal Herbs

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the effects of drying in a forced-air oven or solar dryer on the drying rates, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics, and antioxidant properties of rosemary, mint, common fennel, lemon grass, and basil. The drying rates of all herbs were higher in the forced-air oven in comparison to the solar dryer. According to results obtained for herbal properties after this different drying process, mint was less affected by both drying conditions. On the other hand, regardless of the method of drying used, all dried herbs exhibited similar antioxidant properties, mainly due to the presence of total phenolics. The antioxidant activities of oven-dried herbs ranged from 19.18 to 71.55% and increased in the order common fennel < lemon grass < mint < basil < rosemary, while the activities of sun-dried samples varied from 17.73 to 58.27% and increased in the order basil < common fennel < lemon grass < mint < rosemary. The results obtained demonstrate that the process of drying can alter the quality of an herbal product, implying that standardization of post-harvest steps is essential to ensure the consistency of an herbal product.