Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed mucilage as a fat replacer in yogurts: Effect on their nutritional, technological, and sensory properties

Abstract

Growing consumer demand for healthy and nutritious products has motivated scientists and food manufacturers to design novel dairy products with higher fiber levels and lower fat content that are free of chemical additives. Chia seed mucilage (CSM) is a healthy natural gel extensively used as a dietary source of soluble fiber, a bulking agent, and a fat replacer in a large variety of foods. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CSM on the nutritional, technological, and sensory properties of skimmed yogurts. The addition of 7.5% CSM to a yogurt formula lowered the degree of syneresis of the resulting yogurt during storage compared with full-fat yogurts. The nutritive value of the enriched yogurts improved due to higher levels of dietary fiber compared with full-fat and skimmed yogurts. Moreover, rheological measurements revealed greater consistency, firmness, and viscosity, as well as the formation of a highly structured network and better resistance to stress in yogurts containing 7.5% CSM. The sensory acceptance of the yogurts enriched with 7.5% CSM was similar to the reference samples in acidity, creaminess, and viscosity terms. These results confirm the feasibility of using CSM as a fat replacer to design novel skimmed yogurts.