Unveiling the benefits of traditional rice varieties: An in-depth review in relevance to nutritional and health security of India

Abstract

India's rich heritage of traditional rice varieties holds immense potential for enhancing nutritional and health security while ensuring sustainable rice productivity amid changing climatic conditions. These indigenous cultivars are naturally rich in essential nutrients, antioxidants and bioactive compounds that contribute to disease prevention and overall well-being. Known for their remarkable adaptability, traditional rice varieties thrive in diverse climates, soil types and growth periods, demonstrating exceptional resilience to extreme weather conditions, pests and various environmental stresses. Additionally, these rice cultivars play a crucial role in preserving biodiversity and supporting sustainable farming practices. This review highlights the immense significance of folk rice cultivars of India in ensuring long-term nutritional security, improving public health and augmenting the income of rice farmers by offering high-value produce. By integrating these traditional varieties into modern agricultural systems, their unique advantages can be harnessed to address food security concerns while promoting ecological balance and economic sustainability for farming communities across India.