Abstract
ABSTRAK Produktivitas kelapa sawit rakyat di Provinsi Lampung masih relatif rendah dibanding potensi produktivitas optimal. Berkenaan dengan hal itu, dari bulan Februari sampai dengan September 2012 dilakukan kajian dengan tujuan mengidentifikasi karakteristik agroekologi dan teknis pengelolaan kebun kelapa sawit rakyat yang berpeluang diperbaiki agar produktivitas kebun kelapa sawit rakyat meningkat. Kebun kelapa sawit rakyat yang diidentifikasi dipilih secara acak di tujuh kabupaten di Provinsi Lampung. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui survei dan wawancara petani. Rata-rata produksi tandan buah segar (TBS) kebun kelapa sawit rakyat di Lampung masih rendah (15 ton/hektar/tahun). Produksi ini berpeluang ditingkatkan melalui penerapan teknologi yang dapat mengatasi sifat-sifat agroekologi sebagai faktor pembatas pertumbuhan dan produksi kelapa sawit, seperti ketersediaan air, retensi hara, dan bahaya erosi. Teknologi yang dibutuhkan untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut antara lain membangun irigasi suplemen, meningkatkan kemampuan tanah dalam menyimpan air, memperbanyak penggunaan bahan organik dan kapur, serta mengaplikasikan teknologi konservasi tanah dan air. Produktivitas kebun kelapa sawit rakyat akan berpeluang meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya umur tanaman, serta meningkatnya penggunaan pupuk organik untuk tanaman yang telah menghasilkan (TM) dan pupuk NPK untuk tanaman belum menghasilkan (TBM). Pembinaan petani perlu diintensifkan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran petani akan pentingnya memupuk TBM. Hasil analisis mengindikasikan bahwa pemupukan NPK untuk TBM berkorelasi positif dengan produktivitas kelapa sawit. Kata kunci: Elaeis guineensis Jacq., agroekologi, pengelolaan kebun kelapa sawit rakyat, produktivitas ABSTRACT Productivity of smallholder oil palm in Lampung province is still relatively low compared to the potential for optimal productivity. A study was conducted with regard to that, from February to September 2012 to identify the agroecological characteristics and technical management of smallholder oil palm plantations that likely to be improved in order to increase the productivity of oil palm of smallholder. Smallholder plantations studied were randomly selected, each 1 sites in seven districts in Lampung Province and data collection was conducted through surveys and interviews of farmers. Average production of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) of smallholder oil palm plantations in Lampung are still low (15 tons/hectare/year). The production is likely to be enhanced through the application of technology that is able to cope with the nature of agroecology as the constraints of growth and production of oil palm, namely the availability of water, nutrient retention, and erosion hazard. The technology needed to overcome the obstacles include supplementing irrigation, increasing the soil's ability to store water, multiplying the use of organic materials and lime, and applying soil and water conservation technologies. Besides that, oil palm productivity of smallholder likely increase, along with the increasing age of the plant, the growing use of organic fertilizer for plants that have produced (TM) and NPK fertilizer for immature plants (TBM). Development of farmers needs to be intensified to increase farmers' awareness of the importance of fertilizing the TBM. The results of the analysis indicated that NPK fertilization for TBM positively correlated with the productivity of oil palm. Keywords: Elaeis guineens
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CITATION STYLE
HAFIF, B., ERNAWATI, Rr., & PUJIARTI, Y. (2020). PELUANG PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT DI PROVINSI LAMPUNG. Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri, 20(2), 101. https://doi.org/10.21082/jlittri.v20n2.2014.101-109
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