Effect of frailty syndrome on the risk of myocardial infarction and atrial fibrillation

Abstract

Aim. To assess the impact of frailty syndrome (FS) on the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and atrial fibrillation (AF) in people aged ≥65 years. Material and methods. A prospective cohort study of a random sample of a free-living population aged ≥65 years (n=611). Measurement of blood pressure, analysis of therapy, chronic comorbidities, laboratory tests, comprehensive geriatric assessment were performed. Results. FS is associated with an increased risk of MI and AF at 2,5 years of follow-up (odds ratio (OR), 3,195, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,129-9,042; OR, 1,609, 95% CI, 1,013-2,555, respectively). Additional risk factors for MI and AF were high levels of C-reactive protein, type 2 diabetes, and blood pressure. Conclusion. FS was one of the risk factors for MI and AF during 2,5-year follow-up. Common pathogenetic mechanisms for FS and cardiovascular disease, such as chronic inflammation and insulin resistance, may explain the increased risk of MI and AF in patients with FS. Hypertension retains significance in increasing the risk of MI in patients with FS, which must be taken into account when prescribing antihypertensive therapy. FS screening can be used to assess the risk of cardiovascular events in the elderly and senile age.