The impact of the new diagnosis criteria for Gestational Diabetes. Randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: To compare the prevalence of risk factors for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), the prevalence of GDM and the pregnancy outcomes with the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) and the National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG). Patients and methods: Randomized controlled and open study. The sample size analyzed was 197 pregnant women in the Intervention Group (IG) and 387 pregnant women in the Control Group (CG). Statistical analyses was made using SPSS. Results: The prevalence of GDM increase using the IADPSG criteria comparing NDDG by 221.2% (36.3% vs. 11.3%). The maternal age are less in the IG-GDM than CGGDM (32.6±5.4 vs. 34.7±4.6, P=0.028). The pre-gestational BMI are less in the CG-N and CG-GDM (24.8±4.3 vs. 26.3±4.9, P=0.020). The pregnant women CG-N gained significantly more weight during pregnancy than pregnant women in the IG-N (10.1 ± 4.4 vs 7.1 ± 3.1, p = 0.000). The results of the HbA1c trimester value shows that the HbA1c of the CG-GDM was significantly higher in second trimester than the IG-GDM (5.1 ± 0.3 vs 4.9 ± 0.2, p = 0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of GDM increases using the IADPSG criteria. The pregnant women diagnosed with IADPSG criteria had lower risk factors for GDM and some pregnant outcomes are better in the IG than the CG.