The Prevalence of Malaria in Tselemti Wereda, North Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Background: A significant segment of the world's population is at risk of contracting malaria infection at any one time. In Ethiopia, sustained control efforts have been made in the past decade to fight malaria. Yet, it remains as the major cause of morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic problems in the country. The intensified control of malaria can further be augmented by analyzing health facility based malaria data. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of malaria infection in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods: A retrospective record review was conducted in Northwest Ethiopia from February-April 2016. All blood film results reported between January 2013 and December 2015 in the seven health centers were extracted and analyzed. Results: A total of 41,773 patients with chief malaria complaint were screened for malaria in the three years period. The overall prevalence of microscopically confirmed malaria was 28.1%. Males (29.5%) were more affected by malaria than females (26.5%). Malaria was also higher in the age group >15 years (32.6%) followed by 5-15 years (29.3%) and under-five children (20.5%). Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax and mixed infections accounted for 58.2%, 35.5% and 6.3%, respectively. The highest prevalence of confirmed malaria cases was observed during spring (35.6%) and summer (25.1%). Higher prevalence of slide positive malaria was recorded in Dima (46.1%), Cherecher (45.3%) and Fyel wuha (35.3%) health centers. Conclusion: Malaria specific outpatient cases were high in the study area. Both plasmodia species were of public health significance in the area with predominance of Plasmodium falciparum.