Mineral fertilizers influence on the dynamics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in corn area grown in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Urals

Abstract

The research was carried out in order to establish the effect of mineral fertilizers on the nutrient's dynamics in corn crops. The experiment was carried out from 2016 to 2018 in Zavodoukovsky district of the Tyumen region. The experimental scheme provided for the option without using mineral fertilizers and with the introduction of NPK for the planned yields from 4.0 to 6.0 t/ha of corn grain. In the experiment, a hybrid Obsky 140 was sown; the seeding rate was 70 thousand plants per hectare. It was found that the introduction of mineral fertilizers provides an increase in the content of nitrate nitrogen by 20-25 mg/kg of soil; mobile phosphorus by 9-48 mg/kg. The studies revealed that one kilogram of the active ingredient of nitrogen fertilizers increases the NO3 content in the soil by 0.17 mg/kg; a kilogram of phosphorus fertilizers in the active ingredient increases P2O5 by 0.30 mg/kg; a kilogram of potash fertilizers in the active ingredient increases K2O in the soil by 0.33 mg/kg. During the growing season of maize, the content of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and potassium in the soil in the control decreases to 5, 58, and 93 mg/kg, respectively. On fertilized options, the decrease in nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus is less - 12-14 and 59-69 mg/kg. Whereas potassium decreases more significantly - 69-92 mg/kg.