Chemosensors for H2O2 Detection: Principles, Active Materials, and Applications

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a common oxidant present in the environment, food, and biological systems, has wide-ranging applications. While H2O2 is generally considered non-toxic, prolonged or repeated exposure to high concentrations can be harmful, making its accurate detection crucial in environmental monitoring, food safety, healthcare, and other fields. This review delves into the recent advancements in H2O2 detection methods, with a particular focus on chemosensors. We comprehensively summarize the fundamental principles of various chemosensor principles (e.g., colorimetric, fluorescence, chemiluminescence, electrochemical, and chemiresistive approaches), active materials, and diverse applications. Additionally, we discuss the current challenges and future prospects in this field, emphasizing the need for innovative materials and advanced sensing technologies to meet the growing demand for highly sensitive, accurate, reliable, real-time, and cost-effective H2O2 detection solutions.