Aluminum combustion in CO2 and alumina recycling for renewable energy storage

Abstract

This narrative review explores the potential of aluminum (Al) combustion in carbon dioxide (CO2) environments as a novel approach to renewable energy storage and carbon capture. The exothermic reaction between Al and CO2 generates aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and carbon monoxide (CO), offering a CO2-utilizing system that could contribute to net-zero emissions. By harnessing the energy released from this reaction and the further oxidation of CO to CO2 to drive power cycles, this method provides a renewable, CO2-free alternative to conventional fossil fuel-based energy storage. A critical aspect of this process is the efficient recycling of Al2O3, which can be performed using surplus renewable energy, ensuring a closed-loop system. While promising, challenges such as high operational temperatures, an incomplete understanding of combustion dynamics, and the large energy costs of recycling Al2O3 remain. This review emphasizes the need for further research into optimizing combustion conditions and developing advanced alumina recycling technologies. By integrating renewable-powered recycling and CO2 utilization, this system presents a potential solution for sustainable energy storage and greenhouse gas mitigation.