Optimization of suitable eco-friendly technology for bioremediation of textile wastewaters

Abstract

Water is one of the major products of nature used enormously by human beings and it is not unnatural that any growing community generates enormous waste water or sewage. As a clean environment is a prerequisite for a healthy living in any urban settlement, proper treatment and safe disposal of sewage call for prime attention. Untreated waste water can cause pollution of surface and ground waters. Many new developments in the field of sewage treatment are eventually taking place. These developments include improvements for more effective removal of pollutants and new treatment processes capable of removing pollutants not ordinarily removed by conventional methods. Three types of textile wastewaters (Acid Yellow dye, Acid orange dye and Basic pink dye) has been used for wastewater treatment and microalgal (Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus) biofuel production. Nitrogen content in textile wastewaters is very less, hence urea is used as nitrogen source in wastewater. Discharge of untreated domestic and industrial wastewater into aquatic bodies is posing a serious eutrophication threat, leading to a slow degradation of the water resources. A number of physical, chemical and biological methods have been developed for the treatment of wastewaters; among these, the use of microalgae is considered as a more eco-friendly and economical approaches.