Pre-Orthodontic Myofunctional Trainers Appliance System: A Review

Abstract

Aims: One of the biggest problems globally is malocclusion. The action of orofacial muscles is affected by tenacious oral habits. The quick diagnosis and subsequent treatment of orofacial disorders render countless welfares by reducing both related malocclusion and opportunity of relapse subsequently to orthodontic treatment. Pre-orthodontic trainers are innovative types of prefabricated removable functional appliances claimed to train the orofacial musculature; thus correcting malocclusion. This review aimed to search the literature for studies and case reports on the effectiveness of pre-orthodontic trainers on early correction of developing malocclusion and highlight particularly on its structural characteristics and its mechanism of action. Current literature provides sufficient evidence that these appliances are effective in treating Class II malocclusions especially those caused by mandibular retrusion. Case reports on Class I malocclusion have reported relief of anterior crowding, the alignment of incisors, and correction of deep bite with pre-orthodontic trainers. Promising results with pre-orthodontic trainers are realized in improved nasal breathing, improved swallowing pattern, and removal of habits like tongue thrusting and mouth breathing.