Generación y composición de los residuos sólidos urbanos en América latina y el caribe

Abstract

Presently, in Latin America and the Caribbean, the bulk generation of urban solid waste (USW) derivates mainly from the domestic source; hence it is of paramount importance to have relieble data about solid waste generation and compostion. Proper solid waste management relies heavily on the access to this information. The present research analizes the generation of domestic solid waste (DSW) in order to compare the composition of this stream, identifying similarities and differences that influence the waste generation patterns in the studied regions. The analysis and comparison of the composition of DSW was performed using data from the cities of Asunción, Paraguay; Ensenada, San Quintin, Vicente Guerrero, Morelia and Zinacatepec in Mexico; Mataucana and Trujilo in Perú, Cartagena, Colombia and Quito, Ecuador. Main results showed variations amongst the generation and composition of DSW; the organic fraction being the main component of the stream. The heterogeinicty of the waste has increased, most of the components being recyclable. Analysis of generation in the countries of the study confirm that the homes of LAC have a similar socioeconomic stratification but that does not affect the composition and quantity of solid waste produced. These findings support the idea that it is essential to have consistent and up-to-date data in order to plan appropriate final disposal and recycling strategies.