Relationship of Fe distribution with rice cultivation system in the Barito River Region

Abstract

Swamp is very potential to be developed as an area of rice plants, but there are many obstacles such as pyrite layer (FeS2) and nutrient poor. In addition, Fe toxicity often occurs and gets worse when el nino or climatic changes occur, much of the swamp is dry and so does pyridine oxidation. Various adverse effects of Fe poisoning on rice have been widely reported, but the spatial distribution of Fe tidal land and its relationship with rice cultivation systems in the Barito River region has not been examined, especially on el nino conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between rice cultivation systems with Fe concentration distribution, especially in el nino conditions. This research was conducted in November 2015 to August 2017 using a survey method in the Barito River region, South Kalimantan. Overflow type maps and mud thickness maps are overlaid to create a soil sampling point. Data from field observations of rice cultivation systems in the zone were correlated with Fe concentrations. The results showed that the spatial concentration of Fe affected the rice cultivation system. Fe concentrations of most farmers plant rice without tillage and do not make upper boundaries of rice fields using local varieties. Whereas in locations where Fe concentrations are low the farming system is carried out by tillage and making boundaries between rice fields. In addition, there was also a shift in planting time during el nino conditions.