Clinical features of the Anterior Chamber Depth

Abstract

Abstract Purpose: To determine whether anterior chamber depth (ACD) has any clinical importance as well as the significance in various physiologic and pathologic processes. Methods: Recollection of the most relevant data from the relationships of ACD in eye care were extracted from PubMed, SCOPUS, Google Scholar and ARVO. Forty-two total articles were used in the construct of this review. Results: Anterior chamber depth has a direct proportional relation with axial length, corneal power and anterior chamber angle. It has an inverse proportional relation with age. Shallow anterior chamber depth was associated with and increased risk of endothelial cell density loss after phacoemulsification surgery, less ascorbic acid concentrations that translates to endothelial damage independently of surgery, angle closure glaucoma and angle closure secondary to retinal vein occlusions, trabeculectomy and tube placement complications and IOL formulae selection and refractive outcome inaccuracies. Population studies found this parameter to be different depending on the observed race and high rates of heritability, men were found to have deeper anterior chambers than women across all ethnic groups. Conclusion: ACD plays an influential role in many physiologic and pathologic conditions. These include, IOL lens formula usage, expected refractive outcomes after phacoemulsification surgery, corneal endothelial cell loss, closed angle glaucoma, trabeculectomy and anterior chamber tube endothelial cell loss, closed angle glaucoma, trabeculectomy and anterior chamber tube processes. Keywords Anterior chamber geometry, Axial length, IOL formula