Phytochemical screening and toxicity of ethanolic extract of mangrove (Rhizophora mucronata) leaves from Langsa, Aceh Timur

Abstract

Mangrove has special properties, i.e. able to adapt to the extreme environment. Any kind of plant that able to adapt in such a condition usually can have a different metabolic pathway and as the impact, this plant can produce a different metabolite which can act as an antibiotic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical content and toxicity properties of Rhizophora mucronata. The functional group that presence in the extract was determined using UV-Vis and FT-IR. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, quinone, tannin and phenolic. The UV-Vis spectrum also proved the presence of phenolic (tannin) and flavonoid in the Rhizophora mucronata extract (280-390 nm). The presence of hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, aromatic C=C group was confirmed from the FTIR spectrum. The toxicity property of ethanolic extract of Rhizophora mucronata showed LC50 of 636.73 ppm ≤ 1000 mg/L.