Social conflict settlement in Indonesian context: What type of leadership competence required?

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to explain and explore leadership competencies possessed by Indonesian leaders, particularly under the Ministry of Home Affairs, in dealing with the problems related with social conflicts based on ethnicity and religion (In Indonesian known as SARA). Design/methodology: This study adopts a qualitative approach and observes the government institution dealing with security. The researchers carried out deep interviews with around 70 research participants, most of whom are mid-rank official leaders who in the past have been assigned to be involved directly in dealing with social conflicts. All of them have a ten to twenty years working experience. The main analysis in this paper is based on the case study model (Yin, 2015; Creswell, 2016). Findings: The result of the study shows that the elements of knowledge, governance managerial skills, as well as the attitudes that would coordinate and develop social capital, are deeply needed. However, among these three elements, the social capital is the most influential element that may influence the elements of coordination, knowledge, and skills. Research implications/limitations: This study has practical implications on effective leadership and competences, particularly in their attempt to find solution for social conflict in a wider society. Originality/value: This study shows how social capitals, roles and functions of social institutions, as well as social intelligence are crucial and strategically significant for Indonesian bureaucracy’s strategy in solving social conflicts.