Exploring Effective Communication Strategies Employed by Physicians in Delivering Bad News in Ethiopian State Hospitals

Abstract

Introduction: Delivering Bad News (DBN) presents a highly challenging situation in physician-patient communication. This study aims to gain insight into the various communication strategies employed by physicians when DBN. Methods: This qualitative study conducted thematic analysis of in-depth interviews. Physicians from two comprehensive hospitals with large patient populations were selected purposively based on their engagement in delivering bad news to patients. Thematic analysis was made. Results: Thematic analysis of the data revealed several communication strategies physicians use when delivering bad news. These communication strategies include. Jointly Initiated Physician-Patient Communication Strategies: ((i) Discussing with patient family/ caregivers, (ii) Collaborating with other physicians and specialists), Patient-Engaged/Led Communication Strategies: ((iii) Investigating with adolescents alone or without the family, (iv) Helping patients predict what the news is, (v) Identifying patients' emotions related to bad news, (vi) Assessing patients' level of understanding, (vii) Minimizing patient anxiety), Physician-Related Communication Strategies: ((viii) Making sure diagnostic results are accurate, (xi) Identifying causes for rejection, (x) deliveringbad news using clear and simple communication). Conclusion: Delivering bad news to patients can be challenging for physicians. It is important to be clear and accurate, and to prepare patients for the news. Patients may feel more comfortable and open when they are unaccompanied and with their healthcare provider. The study concluded that physicians need to be prepared to deliver bad news in a sensitive and effective manner.