Undiagnosed Sturge-Weber Syndrome as a Differential Diagnosis of Seizures and Deep Cerebral Venous System Dilation: A Case Report

Abstract

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a capillary-venous malformation affecting the brain, the eye, and the adjacent trigeminal dermatomes of the skin. This illness is usually diagnosed during the first years of life. If left undiagnosed (and consequently untreated), the condition could develop into severe refractory seizures, ischemic strokes, visual loss, and early cognitive impairment. We report a case of a 23-year-old female patient with a port-wine facial stain, presenting her first convulsive episode in adulthood, associated with a moderate dilation of the deep venous system in the angiography, which raised the diagnostic of Sturge-Weber syndrome.