Competitive asymmetries, status, and breeding success of tui (Meliphagidae) at an established feeding station

Abstract

The behaviour and social interactions of the nectar-feeding tui (Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae) were investigated at a set of artificial feeders and at natural nectar sources. Loud broadcast song was the most conspicuous behaviour. Some birds sang more than others and from different song-posts. Few agonistic interactions were observed as song appeared to bring about avoidance between individuals and groups. Asymmetries, e.g., if birds sang, their gender, age, and area of origin affected access to food, but were not absolute. Higher status local birds used feeders throughout the breeding season but avoided overlap in time. These birds had significantly higher reproductive success. Although tuis show similarities with other nectar-feeding birds, they emphasise avoidance rather than aggressive confrontation. This emphasis may relate to tui's use of loud broadcast song especially, in the non-breeding season when birds move in family groups over large areas. © Crown 1988.