High-resolution ALMA and HST images of q1Eri: An asymmetric debris disc with an eccentric Jupiter

Abstract

We present Atacama Large Millimetre/sub-Millimetre Array (ALMA) 1.3 and 0.86 mm observations of the nearby (17.34 pc) F9V star q1 Eri (HD 10647, HR 506). This system, with age ~1.4 Gyr, hosts a ~2 au radial velocity planet and a debris disc with the highest fractional luminosity of the closest 300 FGK type stars. The ALMA images, with resolution ~0"5, reveal a broad (34-134 au) belt of millimetre emission inclined by 76.7 ± 1.0 degrees with maximum brightness at 81.6 ± 0.5 au. The images reveal an asymmetry, with higher flux near the south-west ansa, which is also closer to the star. Scattered light observed with the Hubble Space Telescope is also asymmetric, being more radially extended to the north-east. We fit the millimetre emission with parametric models and place constraints on the disc morphology, radius, width, dust mass, and scale height. We find that the south-west ansa asymmetry is best fitted by an extended clump on the inner edge of the disc, consistent with perturbations from a planet with mass 8M⊕ -11 MJup} at ~60 au that may have migrated outwards, similar to Neptune in our Solar system. If the measured vertical aspect ratio of h = 0.04 ± 0.01 is due to dynamical interactions in the disc, then this requires perturbers with sizes >1200 km. We find tentative evidence for a 0.86 mm excess within 10 au, 70±22 μJy, that may be due to an inner planetesimal belt. We find no evidence for CO gas, but set an upper bound on the CO gas mass of 4 × 10-6 M⊙ (3σ), consistent with cometary abundances in the Solar system.