Learning Disorder in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Children: A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can cause many problems in children. The main symptoms of ADHD such as inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity can cause social, family, and academic problems. Learning disorders are one of the problems that might affect children with ADHD. Objective: This literature review paper aims to describe learning disorders in ADHD children. Methods: The journals were collected through Google Scholar and PubMed using the keyword (ADHD) AND (learning disorder OR learning disabilities) with a journal publication filter in 2012-2022. Results: The presence of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity in children with ADHD might lead to various issues, which in a long term may affect growth and academic performance. Children with ADHD usually fail to concentrate during class and have problems with academic achievement. Working memory disorder and mathematical learning disorder were also found in children with ADHD. However, continuous assistance from the teacher can lower the problem of learning disorders in children with ADHD. Conclusion: ADHD children tend to have various learning disorders which might affect academic performance.