Nondegenerate Kuznetsov-Ma solitons of Manakov equations and their physical spectra

Abstract

We study the dynamics of Kuznetsov-Ma solitons (KMSs) in the framework of vector nonlinear Schrödinger (Manakov) equations. An exact multiparameter family of solutions for such KMSs is derived. This family of solutions includes the known results as well as the previously unknown solutions in the form of nondegenerate KMSs. We present the existence diagram of such KMSs that follows from the exact solutions. These nondegenerate KMSs are formed by nonlinear superposition of two fundamental KMSs that have the same propagation period but different eigenvalues. We present the amplitude profiles of solutions, their exact physical spectra, and their link to ordinary vector solitons and offer easy ways for their excitation using numerical simulations.