Assessment of cocoa growers' farm management practices in Ondo State, Nigeria

Abstract

This study assesses the farm management practices of cocoa growers in Ondo State, southwestern Nigeria. One hundred and twenty three farmers were selected (using simple random sampling) from the list of cocoa farmers belonging to the Cocoa Farmers' Association of Nigeria (CFAN) in Ondo State. All were asked to complete a questionnaire on the farm hygiene and management practices they followed. The majority of respondents were married men who used family labour on their farms, and who had a varying number of years of farming experience. No significant relationships were found among age, marital status, years of farming experience and gender. However, the use of farm hygiene practices showed a significant relationship with educational status and grower attitude towards the adoption of appropriate crop growing practices. The majority of respondents commonly used chemicals rather than crop growing practices to ensure crop hygiene; few undertook practices such as pruning, the removal of diseased pods and mistletoe, the application of organic fertilizers, or the breaking of pods off-farm. A limited number combined crop growing practices with the use of chemicals to control pests and diseases. The lack of credit facilities, weeds, pests, diseases, parasites and marketing difficulties were all recognised as constraints limiting production. The present findings suggest that the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), the Ministry of Agriculture, and relevant non-governmental organizations should organize a sensitisation programme/training scheme to de-emphasize the use of chemicals and encourage the use of appropriate crop growing practices for improving farm hygiene.