Use of CO2 for electrosynthesis

Abstract

A review of the main ideas related to the capture and valorization of CO2 by using electrochemical processes is presented. The advantages of using an electrode-controlled potential that provides the possibility of reducing CO2 to non-fossil carbon-based fuels, or of using this atmospheric pollutant in organic synthesis processes that rely on electrocarboxylation steps are outlined. The implications of a reduction in atmospheric CO2 emissions in the global climate change emergency, while at the same time finding alternative and clean ways of producing valuable fuels and chemicals, are emphasized. Particular attention is paid to the powerful role that ionic liquids can play as ideal solvents and electrolytes in such electrochemical reactions. A general description of the advantages that these liquids have for the solubilization and the support of the electrochemical reduction of CO2 is presented.