Respiratory dysfunction in patients with parkinson’s disease: Systematic review

Abstract

| INTRODUCTION: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder, being the characteristic neurological sign of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the compact part of substantia nigra, causing and unknown and affecting elderly people over 65 years. The clinical features published in PD are used for signs and symptoms such as tremor at rest, bradykinesia, hypokinesia, postural alteration, loss of postural reflexes and freezing phenomenon. Because typical postural changes in PD, associated with intercostal muscle stiffness, compromise rib cage mobility, decrease the impact on pulmonary expansion on inspiration, and thoracic changes in respiration, respiratory respiration is affected by respiratory muscle strength, occasionally respiratory muscle strength intercostal muscles stiffness and bradykinesia leading to atelectasis, hypoxemia and ventilatory insufficiency. OBJECTIVE: Identify, through systematic review, what are the respiratory dysfunctions in Parkinson's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a systematic review study on respiratory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. Searches were performed in the databases Medline, Pubmed, Lilacs, Scielo, and no language restrictions were imposed for research. For inclusion criteria, studies related to respiratory dysfunction in PD lasting 10 years were selected. The methodological quality of the studies was analyzed using a PEDro scale. RESULT: In the research initiated between 2009 and October 2019, 10 articles were included in this systematic review that demonstrated respiratory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSION: Studies of Parkinson's disease showed decreased forced expiratory volume in one second, decreased forced vital capacity, increased residual volume and airway resistance.