Significance of proper oral hygiene for health condition of mouth and teeth

Abstract

Background/Aim. Proper mouth and teeth hygiene has influence on the prevention of a great number of diseases and very often some of them are not related only to oral cavity. Most frequent diseases of mouth and teeth such as caries and periodontal diseases are caused, among other factors, by poor oral hygiene. They are also more frequent in young population. The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of sociodemographic characteristics and hygienic habit on oral health in children aged 11-15 years. Methods. This crosssectional study was conducted by the dental teams in dentist surgeries in Tivat Health Center between May and September 2009. The sample consisted of patients 11 to 15 years of age. A questionnaire and dental examination of mouth and teeth were used as research instruments. The examinations were conducted in accordance with the World Health Organization methodology and criteria. The data obtained from the interviews were correlated with those obtained from the clinical examinations. Results. The results show that the majority of respondents brush their teeth twice a day and visit the dentist once in every six months. The research also shows that 57% respondents have caries of deciduous teeth and over 63% respondents of permanent teeth. Gingivitis was found in 14% and orthodontic anomalies in 44.7% respondents. A half of respondents who brush their teeth rarely have problems with gingivitis. There is a highly statistically significant difference between the occurrence of gingivitis and the frequency of teeth brushing. Conclusion. There is a significant difference between mouth and oral hygiene and sex as well as other sociodemographic characteristics of respondents. The study showed the correlation between occurrence of caries and the gingivitis and frequency of teeth brushing and dental visits.Uvod/Cilj. Dobra higijena usta i zuba utice na prevenciju mnogih oboljenja, koja cesto nijesu vezana samo uz usnu supljinu. Najcesca oboljenja usta i zuba, kao sto su karijes i parodontalne bolesti, posljedica su, izmedju ostalog, i lose oralne higijene i agresivnije napadaju mladu populaciju. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ispita uticaj sociodemografskih karakteristika i higijenskih navika na stanje oralnog zdravlja kod djece uzrasta 11-15 godina. Metode. Ova studija presjeka uradjena je od maja do septembra 2009. godine u stomatoloskim ordinacijama Doma zdravlja Tivat. Istrazivanjem su obuhvacena djeca zivotne dobi 11-15 godina. Instrument istrazivanja bio je upitnik i stomatoloski pregled usta i zuba. Pregled je izvrsen prema metodologiji i kriterijuma Svetske zdravstvene organizacije. Odgovori dobijeni tokom intevjua korelisani su sa podacima klinickog pregleda. Rezultati. Analizirajuci dobijene odgovore ustanovljeno je da najvise ispitanika pere zube dva puta dnevno, a stomatologa najcesce posjecuju jednom u sest mjeseci. Istrazivanje je pokazalo da je kod 57% ispitanika pregledom uoceno postojanje karioznih mlijecnih zuba. Kod vise od 63% ispitanika dijagnostikovani su kariozni stalni zubi, kod 14% ispitanika gingivitis, a kod 44,7% ispitanika uocena je ortodonska anomalija. Polovina ispitanika koja rijetko pere zube ima problema sa gingivitisom. Postoji statisticki visokoznacajna razlika u pojavi gingivitisa u vezi sa ucestaloscu pranja zuba. Zakljucak. Postoji znacajna razlika u odrzavanju higijene usta i zuba prema polu, kao i prema nekim drugim sociodemografskim karakteristikama ispitanika. Studija je pokazala povezanost karijesa i gingivitisa sa ucestaloscu pranja zuba i frekvencije posjeta stomatologu.