The Impact of Green Trade Barriers on Developing Countries’ Exports and Policy Responses – Taking China’s Export of Agricultural Products as an Example

Abstract

The paper examines the significance and implications of green trade barriers, particularly in the aftermath of the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, during which protectionism tendencies among developed countries were intensified. It focuses on how these barriers affect international trade, with a particular emphasis on agricultural exports, especially for developing nations such as China. The study highlights the challenges faced by Chinese agricultural enterprises in adapting to strict international environmental standards, resulting in increased operational costs and reduced competitiveness in global markets. Findings reveal that while green trade barriers aim to promote environmental protection, they may inadvertently hinder the export capabilities of developing countries, thereby reducing market share. The paper proposes several recommendations, including the need for governments to establish stringent but fair environmental regulations that align with international standards, provide financial support for green innovation, and actively engage in multilateral trade negotiations to create consistent environmental requirements. It also underscores the importance for enterprises to adopt sustainable practices and diversify their market strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of these trade barriers