A review on the pharmagnostic evaluation of Meswak, Salvadora persica

Abstract

Due to broad spectrum in physiologic diversity and their wide range of pharmacological activities, plants are playing an important factor for the pharmaceutical industry. Meswak tree is shrub and botanically known as Salvadora persica L. It has been used since ancient times as a chewing stick for oral hygiene. Many unique phytochemicals are naturally present in Miswak, which are described by traditional medicine as a remedy for various disease symptoms with beneficial properties. The biological active compounds that are present in plants are referred as phytochemicals. These phytochemicals are derived from different parts of plants such as leaves, barks, seed, seed coat, flowers, roots and pulps and thereby used as sources of direct medicinal agents. Phytochemistry describes the large number of secondary metabolic compounds present in the plants. The plants are the reservoirs of naturally occurring chemical compounds and of structurally diverse bioactive molecules. The extraction of bioactive compounds from the plants and their quantitative and qualitative estimation is important for exploration of new biomolecules to be used by pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry directly or can be used as a lead molecule to synthesize more potent molecules. This review includes the analytical methodologies in which extraction methods and the process of analysis for bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts through the different Aaalytical techniques like HPLC, GC, GC, OPLC etc. and the detection of compound by mean of FTIR, NMR, and MS.