Evaluation of dna damage and antioxidants defense systems in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Abstract

Background: World Health Organization (WHO) demonstrated that more than 170 million people have diabetes worldwide and in 2030, this number might rise to 370 million. Moreover, hyperglycemia generates ROS then oxidative stress in many tissues that generate diabetic complications like protein, lipid and DNA modifications which may lead to teratogenic or carcinogenic consequences. The present study was conducted to evaluate the DNA damage markers, antioxidants makers and lipid peroxidation in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: About 5ml of venous blood was collected from 10 healthy persons and 30 patients, fasting for 10 hours. Comet assay used to measure DNA damage and antioxidants were assessed biochemically. Lipid peroxidation was estimated by the Thiobarbituric acid assay. Results: The results of presents study showed that DNA damage markers such as comet length, tail length, DNA% in tail and tail moments were increased significantly at P <0.05 in diabetic patients as compared with healthy control group. Also, all biochemical markers such as SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and MDA were significantly elevated in diabetic patients as compared with healthy control. Conclusion: The present study showed that in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus there is increased DNA damage through elevation in markers of DNA such as comet length, tail length, DNA% in tail and tail moments. In addition, there was significant increase in SOD, CAT, GSH, MDA and GPx activities in diabetic patients.