Stoma complications in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

Purpose: Although stoma complications occur at a high frequency in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), mainly due to steroid administration or malnutrition, only a few related studies have been reported. We investigated stoma complications that occurred in patients treated for ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn disease (CD). Material and Methods: UC and CD patients who underwent a laparotomy at Hyogo College of Medicine between January 2014 and April 2017 were enrolled in this study. Those with stoma complications were classified into either the loop or end stoma groups. Results: Of 326 UC patients, 302 (92%) had a stoma. After dividing patients into the loop stoma (n=228) and end stoma (n=74) groups, stoma complications were noted in 118 (51%) and 21 (28%), respectively. Among the CD patients, 68 (19%) of 341 had a stoma, 22 had a loop stoma and 46 had an end stoma, and stoma complications were seen in 12 (54%) and 23 (50%), respectively. For all patients, the most common stoma complication associated with IBD was parastomal dermatitis in 74 cases (20%), while the second most common was outlet obstruction in 46 (12%). Conclusion: The most common stoma complications seen in our IBD patients was parastomal dermatitis, followed by outlet obstruction. All cases of outlet obstruction were of UC patients with a loop stoma.