Autologous fat grafting for scars, healing and pain: a review

Abstract

Lay SummaryCurrently there is no gold standard treatment for scars, however there is exciting potential for the use of autologous fat grafting (AFG). This technique uses liposuction to extract fat from areas of the body where it is readily available. It is then processed to remove all debris and injected under a scar. We carried out a study to review its use in clinical practice.Results of the literature suggest fat contains specialised stem cells that possess properties which improve the quality of scars. Fat injection has been shown to decrease tension which softens scar tissue and provides pain relief. Analgesic effects are caused by nerve repair and scar entrapment release. As well as functional benefits, the evidence also shows fat grafting improves the cosmetic appearance of a scar. In conclusion, AFG is a safe treatment method with few complications. This method poses promising benefits in future treatment of scar-related conditions.