Hacia un modelo universal de los intereses

Abstract

It is important to know how many dimensions of interests exist and how they are organized. The Holland model includes only 6 general dimensions (realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising and conventional) in hexagonal form. Prediger suggests that two theoretical bipolar dimensions (people-things, data-ideas) underlie Hollands model, but the existence of these has been questioned. Many inventories use a hierarchical structure where about twenty basic interests are grouped under a few general interests. To evaluate which structure fits the data best we carried out two studies.In the first, we used item analysis to create general scales based on items from corresponding basic scales. A sample of 2,829 people participated in the study, 1,636 (58%) women and 1,193 (42%) men, who during the 12 months prior to the study took a Puerto Rican inventory online. It was necessary to divide the scale of ideas into creative and realistic ideas. All scales were reliable (alpha of.70 or more) and relatively independent of each other (r =.65 or less). The second study was a factorial analysis of the responses of a second group of 1,117 participants, 659 (59%) women and 458 (41%) men, to corroborate the general dimensions developed. We rotated several numbers of factors for each gender and found that the rotation of 6 factors places 10 of 13 basic scales in the same general dimensions for both genders, so we took this as the final rotation. However, a sixth factor emerged that includes a single basic scale, legal interests.