Purpose: Data on long-term mortality among patients with hospital-diagnosed overweight/obesity are limited. Thus, we aim to examine 40-year mortality among patients with hospital-diagnosed overweight/obesity, including cause-specific deaths, secular time trends, and potential effect modification by age, comorbidity, and socioeconomic factors. Patients and Methods: From national registries, we identified all Danes with a first hospital-based overweight/obesity diagnosis (N=331,185), 1979–2018, and constructed an age-and gender-matched general population comparison cohort (N=1,655,925). We computed mortality rates (MRs) per 1000 person-years and adjusted mortality rate ratios (aMRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using Cox regression with adjustment for comorbidities and educational level. We performed stratified analyses on age, comorbidities, and socioeconomic factors. Results: The overall aMRR was 1.70 (95% CI: 1.68–1.72) for patients with overweight/obesity, mainly due to diabetes and other endocrine diseases (aMRR=2.68 [95% CI: 2.57–2.81]), cardiovascular (aMRR=1.95 [95% CI: 1.91–1.98]), and respiratory diseases (aMRR=1.83 [95% CI: 1.77–1.89]). The 1–10-year aMRR decreased from 2.06 (95% CI: 2.01–2.11) in 1979–1989 to 1.29 (95% CI: 1.26–1.32) in 2000–2009. We found effect modification by age: age 18 to <30 years: aMRR=2.44 (95% CI: 2.24–2.66) vs age ≥70 years: 1.35 (95% CI: 1.33–1.37); comorbidities: baseline comorbidities: aMRR=1.13 (95% CI: 1.10–1.15) vs no comorbidities: aMRR=1.83 (95% CI: 1.80–1.85); and educational level: high educational level: aMRR=1.81 (95% CI: 1.74–1.88) vs low educational level: aMRR=1.70 (95% CI: 1.67–1.72). Conclusion: Patients with overweight/obesity had a substantially increased long-term mortality, mainly due to diabetes, cardiovas-cular, and respiratory diseases. The excess mortality decreased during recent decades. Age, comorbidities, and socioeconomic factors modified the association.
CITATION STYLE
Gribsholt, S. B., Farkas, D. K., Thomsen, R. W., Richelsen, B., & Sørensen, H. T. (2022). Mortality Among Danish Patients with a Hospital Diagnosis of Overweight or Obesity Over a 40-Year Period. Clinical Epidemiology, 14, 309–325. https://doi.org/10.2147/CLEP.S350459
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