Homocysteine and Lipid Peroxidation in Active and Passive Smoking

Abstract

Disease risk due to smoking is not limited to smokers only. Passive smoking (exposure to environmental tobacco smoke) is associated with adverse health effect especially in cardiovascular disease. Side-stream cigarette smoke, a major component of secondhand smoke induces reactive oxygen species with promote oxidative stress. This paper summarizes the cardiovascular effects of tobacco smoke. According to the results of the alternative level of biochemistry substances, Cholesterol (C), HDL- Cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-Cholesterol (LDL-C), Triglyceride (TG), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Conjugate diene (CD), vitamin B12, folate and Homocysteine (Hcy). The results showed that vitamin B12 and Hcy of smokers were significantly higher than those of non-smokers while C, LDL-C, TG and folate were significantly lower than those of non-smokers. More detail of smoking group, the industrial tobacco smokers had HDL-C and vitamin B12 lower than those in non-smokers whereas passive smokers and local handmade tobacco smokers had serum HDL-C and vitamin B12 higher than those in non-smokers. For serum C, LDL-C, TG and folate of all groups of smokers were significantly lower than non-smokers. The industrial tobacco smokers had serum MDA significantly higher than non-smokers but passive smokers and local handmade tobacco smokers had serum MDA lower than non-smokers. The industrial tobacco smokers and passive smokers had serum Hcy significantly higher than non-smokers but local handmade tobacco smokers had serum Hcy lower than non-smokers.