A review of occupational noise-induced hearing loss: focus on mechanisms and preventive measures

Abstract

Introduction This research investigates the epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and prevention strategies associated with occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL), while also presenting effective control measures. Source of data Relevant literature was sourced from databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, encompassing articles until February 2025. Areas of agreement ONIHL is widely recognized as a common occupational health issue among workers. Additionally, noise can lead to psychological and physiological complications beyond direct auditory damage. Areas of controversy The effects of noise differ across individuals, and the precise causes behind ONIHL remain poorly understood, although several pathways have been proposed. Growing points New treatment options focused on oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuropathy are being developed through innovative drug delivery systems. Areas timely for developing research There is a pressing need for molecular approaches to explore the mechanisms of ONIHL, particularly in the care of individuals with hearing disabilities.